Franklin argues that a person responsible for an enterprise can contribute more through attentive supervision than through manual effort alone. The “eye” represents observation, judgement and direction, while the “hand” represents doing the work personally. By noticing problems, setting priorities and ensuring that tasks are carried out properly, a manager or owner can influence the work of many people at once.

The saying does not suggest that practical work is unimportant or that constant surveillance is desirable. Its broader point is that responsibility involves more than performing individual tasks. Effective management depends on understanding what is happening, identifying where attention is needed and making timely decisions. Franklin therefore presents oversight as a form of work in its own right, capable of improving the effectiveness of a larger operation.