A fine genius in his own country, is like gold in the mine.
Franklin compares a person of unusual ability who remains in their own country to gold that is still in the mine. The talent already exists, but its potential has not necessarily been fully developed or brought into use. The metaphor suggests that ability may need exposure to a wider range of people, ideas and circumstances before it can be tested, refined and fully expressed.
In this reading, leaving familiar surroundings is not valuable merely because strangers may offer greater recognition. New environments can also provide experiences and opportunities that are unavailable at home, allowing natural ability to develop further. The image of mined gold therefore captures both potential and transformation: something valuable is present from the beginning, but work and exposure help reveal what can be made of it. The quotation can also imply recognition, since developed talent is more visible, but personal growth is central to the metaphor.