Books, published in 1870 in Society and Solitude, considers the value of reading and the problem of choosing among the large number of books available. Emerson argues that readers should be selective, giving particular attention to works that have survived changing fashions and demonstrated lasting intellectual or literary value.

He treats books as instruments for thought rather than authorities to be followed passively. Reading should stimulate a person’s own judgement, curiosity and experience, while excessive dependence on books can weaken independent thinking. Emerson also discusses different kinds of literature and the importance of approaching works with attention suited to their purpose.

The essay combines literary criticism with practical advice about intellectual life. It presents serious reading as a means of encountering strong minds across time, while insisting that books are most useful when they contribute to active thought rather than replace it.