Published in 2006, Mindset: The New Psychology of Success explores how beliefs about intelligence, talent and personal abilities influence behaviour and achievement. Dweck distinguishes between a fixed mindset, which regards abilities as largely unchangeable, and a growth mindset, which sees them as capable of development through learning and experience. She examines how these beliefs affect motivation, responses to setbacks and willingness to undertake difficult tasks.

Drawing on psychological research and practical examples, Dweck explores the influence of mindset in education, sport, business and personal relationships. She considers how praise, criticism and expectations shape attitudes towards achievement, particularly among children. The book contrasts attempts to demonstrate existing ability with efforts to acquire knowledge and improve performance.

Dweck argues that recognising the potential for development can encourage persistence, constructive responses to failure and greater engagement with learning. She emphasises the importance of effective strategies, feedback and continued improvement, presenting mindset as an influence on how people approach challenges and opportunities.