Any one who in discussion relies upon authority uses, not his understanding, but rather his memory.
Leonardo’s statement distinguishes genuine understanding from the repetition of established authority. Citing a respected figure may show that someone remembers what has been said, but it does not by itself demonstrate that they understand the reasoning behind the claim or can defend it independently.
The remark therefore emphasises the importance of examining arguments on their own merits. Authority can be useful as a source of knowledge or expertise, but relying on it alone may replace investigation with repetition. Understanding requires considering evidence, reasoning through a question and recognising why a conclusion should be accepted.
The quote can be applied to education, debate and research. It encourages people to move beyond memorising respected opinions and to test claims through their own reasoning. Its central point is not that authorities should always be rejected, but that their status should not substitute for critical examination.